The Valjoux 23 and Valjoux 72 are two of the most celebrated manual-winding chronograph movements in the history of Swiss watchmaking. Both were developed by Valjoux (Fabrique d’Ébauches Valjoux SA) and were widely used from the 1930s through the 1970s in some of the most iconic Swiss chronographs ever made. They share a common design philosophy, are both column-wheel-controlled, and have earned a legendary reputation for precision, durability, and beauty in mechanical execution.

Valjoux 23 – Two-Register Chronograph

Overview

The Valjoux 23 is a manual-wind, two-register chronograph first introduced in 1916, with widespread use starting in the 1930s. It features:

• Central chronograph seconds hand

• 30-minute counter at 3 o’clock

• Small seconds subdial at 9 o’clock

Key Specifications

• Type: Manual-winding chronograph

• Chronograph Control: Column wheel

• Jewels: 17 (standard); higher counts in luxury models

• Frequency: 18,000 vibrations per hour (2.5 Hz)

• Power Reserve: ~45 hours

• Diameter: ~29.5 mm (13 lignes)

• Height: ~5.9 mm

• Shock Protection: Later versions feature Incabloc

• Finishing: High-quality Geneva striping or perlage in luxury-grade executions

Applications

Used in watches from brands such as:

• Heuer

• Breitling

• Tissot

• Gallet

• Doxa

• Enicar

The Valjoux 23 is prized for its smooth pusher action and slim profile, making it suitable for elegant chronographs.

Valjoux 72 – Three-Register Chronograph

Overview

The Valjoux 72 is a manual-wind, triple-register chronograph that builds on the design of the Valjoux 23. It was introduced in the 1930s and remained in production for decades. It adds a 12-hour totalizer at 6 o’clock, expanding its utility for sports, military, and aviation.

Key Specifications

• Type: Manual-winding chronograph

• Chronograph Control: Column wheel

• Functions:

  • Central chronograph seconds

  • 30-minute counter at 3 o’clock

  • 12-hour counter at 6 o’clock

  • Small seconds at 9 o’clock

• Jewels: 17 to 23 depending on grade

• Frequency: 18,000 vibrations per hour

• Power Reserve: ~45 hours

• Diameter: ~29.5 mm

• Height: ~6.95 mm

• Shock Protection: Yes, in later versions

Notable Watches Using Valjoux 72

• Rolex Daytona (Pre-Zenith era)

• Heuer Autavia and Carrera

• Breitling Navitimer (early references)

• Enicar Sherpa Graph

• Gallet Multichron 12

This movement is celebrated for its mechanical elegance, reliability, and the fact that it powered some of the most valuable chronographs ever made.

Differences Between Valjoux 23 and 72

Servicing and Parts

• Service interval: Every 4–6 years

• Column wheel requires expertise—not suitable for beginners

• Parts availability: Still decent, but prices have increased due to collector interest

• Proper lubrication and adjustment are crucial to long-term performance

Collectibility and Legacy

Both movements are now highly collectible:

• Valjoux 23: Desired for its simplicity, elegance, and role in pre-war chronographs

• Valjoux 72: One of the most iconic chronograph movements of all time, especially because of its use in the Rolex Daytona 6263, 6239, and other high-value models

Watches containing either of these calibers have seen substantial increases in value over the past decade.

Conclusion

The Valjoux 23 and 72 are cornerstones of mechanical chronograph history. Whether you prefer the two-register balance of the 23 or the more complex three-register functionality of the 72, both movements offer exceptional quality and heritage. Their column-wheel architecture, timeless construction, and presence in some of the greatest vintage watches ever made ensure their continued respect among watchmakers, collectors, and horological historians.